气体的临界常数气体的临界常数
Critical Constants of Gases
气体的临界常数包括临界温度、临界压力、临界摩尔体积等。临界温度是指在这个温度之上，无论加多大的压力都不能使气体液化的温度。临界压力是指气体在临界温度之下液化时所需的最低压力。临界摩尔体积是指气体在临界温度、临界压力之下1摩尔的体积，可以由临界密度来计算。
临界温度、临界压力、临界摩尔体积是指共存的气相与液相的密度正好相等时的热力学温度、压力和摩尔体积的值。
单质气体的临界常数
Critical Constants of Elementary Substance Gases
|
序号(No.) |
分子式 (Molecular
formula) |
临界温度 (Critical
temperature) Tc/℃ |
临界压力 (Criticalpressure) pc/(106Pa) |
临界密度 (Critical
density) ρc/(g/ml) |
|
1 |
Ar |
-122.4 |
4.8734 |
0.533 |
|
2 |
As |
530.0 |
34.651 |
- |
|
3 |
Br2 |
311.0 |
10.334 |
1.26 |
|
4 |
Cs |
1806.0 |
- |
0.44 |
|
5 |
Cl2 |
144.0 |
7.7003 |
0.573 |
|
6 |
D2 |
-234.9 |
1.6515 |
0.669 |
|
7 |
F2 |
-128.85 |
5.2149 |
0.574 |
|
8 |
H2 |
-240.17 |
1.2928 |
0.0314 |
|
9 |
He |
-267.96 |
0.22695 |
0.0698 |
|
10 |
3He |
-269.84 |
0.11449 |
0.0414 |
|
11 |
Hg |
1462.0 |
18.946 |
- |
|
12 |
I2 |
546.0 |
- |
1.64 |
|
13 |
K |
1950.0 |
16.211 |
0.187 |
|
14 |
Kr |
-63.8 |
5.5016 |
0.919 |
|
15 |
Li |
2950.0 |
68.897 |
0.105 |
|
16 |
N2 |
-147.0 |
3.3942 |
0.313 |
|
17 |
Na |
2300.0 |
35.462 |
0.198 |
|
18 |
Ne |
-228.75 |
2.7559 |
0.484 |
|
19 |
O2 |
-118.57 |
5.0426 |
0.436 |
|
20 |
O3 |
-12.1 |
5.5726 |
0.54 |
|
21 |
P |
721.0 |
- |
- |
|
22 |
Ra |
104.0 |
6.2818 |
- |
|
23 |
Rb |
1832.0 |
- |
0.34 |
|
24 |
S |
1041.0 |
11.753 |
- |
|
25 |
Si |
-3.5 |
4.8430 |
- |
|
26 |
Xe |
16.583 |
5.8400 |
1.11 |
