230种晶体学空间群的记号
Symbols of the 230 Crystallographic Space Groups
空间群是点对称操作和平移对称操作的对称要素全部可能的组合。点群表示晶体外形上的对称关系,空间群表示晶体结构内部的原子及离子间的对称关系。空间群一共230个,它们分别属于32个点群。晶体结构的对称性不能超出230个空间群的范围,而其外形的对称性和宏观对称性则不能越出32个点群的范围。属于同一点群的各种晶体可以隶属于若干个空间群。
230种晶体学空间群的记号
Symbols of the 230 Crystallographic Space Groups
晶系(Crystal
system) |
点群 (Point group) |
空间群(Space
group) |
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国际符号(HM) |
圣佛利斯符号(Schfl.) |
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三斜 晶系 |
1 |
C1 |
P1 |
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Ci |
P |
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单斜 晶系 |
2 |
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P2 |
P21 |
C2 |
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m |
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Pm |
Pc |
Cm |
Cc |
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2/m |
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P2/m |
P21/m |
C2/m |
P2/c |
P21/C |
C2/c |
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正交 晶系 |
222 |
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P222 |
P2221 |
P21212 |
P212121 |
C2221 |
C222 |
F222 |
I222 |
I212121 |
mm2 |
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Pmm2 |
Pmc21 |
Pcc2 |
Pma2 |
Pca21 |
Pnc2 |
Pmn21 |
Pba2 |
Pna21 |
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Pnn2 |
Cmm2 |
Cmc21 |
Ccc2 |
Amm2 |
Abm2 |
Ama2 |
Aba2 |
Fmm2 |
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Fdd2 |
Imm2 |
Iba2 |
Ima2 |
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mmm |
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Pmmm |
Pnnn |
Pccm |
Pban |
Pmma |
Pnna |
Pmna |
Pcca |
Pbam |
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Pccn |
Pbcm |
Pnnm |
Pmmn |
Pbcn |
Pbca |
Pnma |
Cmcm |
Cmca |
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Cmmm |
Cccm |
Cmma |
Ccca |
Fmmm |
Fddd |
Immm |
Ibam |
Ibca |
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Imma |
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四方 晶系 |
4 |
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P4 |
P41 |
P42 |
P43 |
I4 |
I41 |
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P
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I
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4/m |
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P4/m |
P42/m |
P4/n |
P42/n |
I4/m |
I41/a |
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422 |
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P422 |
P4212 |
P4122 |
P41212 |
P4222 |
P42212 |
P4322 |
P43212 |
I422 |
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I4122 |
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4mm |
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P4mm |
P4bm |
P42cm |
P42nm |
P4cc |
P4nc |
P42mc |
P42bc |
I4mm |
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I4cm |
I41md |
I41cd |
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P |
P |
P |
P |
P |
P |
P |
P |
I |
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I |
I |
I |
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4/mmm |
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P4/mmm |
P4/mcc |
P4/nbm |
P4/nnc |
P4/mbm |
P4/mnc |
P4/nmm |
P4/ncc |
P42/mmc |
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P42/mcm |
P42/nbc |
P42/nnm |
P42/mbc |
P42/mnm |
P42/nmc |
P42/ncm |
I4/mmm |
I4/mcm |
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I41/amd |
I41/acd |
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三方 晶系 |
3 |
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P3 |
P31 |
P32 |
R3 |
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P |
R |
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32 |
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P312 |
P321 |
P3112 |
P3121 |
P3212 |
P3221 |
R32 |
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3m |
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P3m1 |
P31m |
P3c1 |
P31c |
R3m |
R3c |
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P |
P |
P |
P |
R |
R |
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六方 晶系 |
6 |
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P6 |
P61 |
P65 |
P62 |
P64 |
P63 |
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P
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6/m |
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P6/m |
P63/m |
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622 |
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P622 |
P6122 |
P6522 |
P6222 |
P6422 |
P6322 |
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6mm |
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P6mm |
P6cc |
P63cm |
P63mc |
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P |
P |
P |
P |
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6/mmm |
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P6/mmm |
P6/mcc |
P63/mcm |
P63/mmc |
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立方 晶系 |
23 |
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P23 |
F23 |
I23 |
P213 |
I213 |
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m |
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Pm3 |
Pn3 |
Fm3 |
Fd3 |
Im3 |
Pa3 |
Ia3 |
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432 |
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P432 |
P4232 |
F432 |
F4132 |
I432 |
P4332 |
P4132 |
I4132 |
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P |
F |
I |
P |
F |
I |
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m |
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Pm |
Pn |
Pm |
Pn |
Fm |
Fm |
Fd |
Fd |
Im |
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Ia |
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