25oC时普通电极反应的超电势
Overpotentials of Common Electrode Reactions at 25oC
电极反应中,在给定电流密度下一个电极的实际电势偏离平衡值,偏离值的大小规定为电极的超电势,用符号“η”表示。超电势的单位为伏特(V)。
25oC时普通电极反应的超电势
Overpotentials of Common Electrode Reactions at 25oC
电极名称 (Name
of electrode) |
电流密度i
(Current density)/( A/m2) |
||||
10 |
100 |
1000 |
5000 |
50000 |
|
H2(1 mol/L H2SO4溶液) |
|||||
Ag |
0.097 |
0.13 |
0.3 |
0.48 |
0.69 |
Al |
0.3 |
0.83 |
1.00 |
1.29 |
- |
Au |
0.017 |
- |
0.1 |
0.24 |
0.33 |
Bi |
0.39 |
0.4 |
- |
0.78 |
0.98 |
Cd |
- |
1.13 |
1.22 |
1.25 |
|
Co |
- |
0.2 |
- |
- |
- |
Cr |
- |
0.4 |
- |
- |
- |
Cu |
- |
- |
0.35 |
0.48 |
0.55 |
Fe |
- |
0.56 |
0.82 |
1.29 |
- |
石墨C |
0.002 |
- |
0.32 |
0.60 |
0.73 |
Hg |
0.8 |
0.93 |
1.03 |
1.07 |
- |
Ir |
0.0026 |
0.2 |
- |
- |
- |
Ni |
0.14 |
0.3 |
- |
0.56 |
0.71 |
Pb |
0.40 |
0.4 |
- |
0.52 |
1.06 |
Pd |
0 |
0.04 |
- |
- |
- |
Pt(光滑的) |
0.0000 |
0.16 |
0.29 |
0.68 |
- |
Pt(镀铂黑的) |
0.0000 |
0.030 |
0.041 |
0.048 |
0.051 |
Sb |
- |
0.4 |
- |
- |
- |
Sn |
- |
0.5 |
1.2 |
- |
- |
Ta |
- |
0.39 |
0.4 |
- |
- |
Zn |
0.48 |
0.75 |
1.06 |
1.23 |
- |
O2(1 mol/LKOH 溶液) |
|||||
Ag |
0.58 |
0.73 |
0.98 |
- |
1.13 |
Au |
0.67 |
0.96 |
1.24 |
- |
1.63 |
Cu |
0.42 |
0.58 |
0.66 |
- |
0.79 |
石墨C |
0.53 |
0.90 |
1.09 |
- |
1.24 |
Ni |
0.35 |
0.52 |
0.73 |
- |
0.85 |
Pt(光滑的) |
0.72 |
0.85 |
1.28 |
- |
1.49 |
Pt(镀铂黑的) |
0.40 |
0.52 |
0.64 |
- |
0.77 |
Cl2 (饱和NaCl溶液) |
|||||
石墨C |
- |
- |
0.25 |
0.42 |
0.53 |
Pt(光滑的) |
0.008 |
0.03 |
0.054 |
0.161 |
0.236 |
Pt(镀铂黑的) |
0.006 |
- |
0.026 |
0.05 |
- |
Br2 (饱和NaBr溶液) |
|||||
石墨C |
- |
0.002 |
0.027 |
0.16 |
0.33 |
Pt(光滑的) |
- |
0.002 |
- |
0.26 |
- |
Pt(镀铂黑的) |
- |
0.002 |
0.012 |
0.069 |
0.21 |
I2 (饱和NaI溶液) |
|||||
石墨C |
0.002 |
0.014 |
0.097 |
- |
- |
Pt(光滑的) |
- |
0.003 |
0.03 |
0.12 |
0.22 |
Pt(镀铂黑的) |
- |
0.006 |
0.032 |
- |
0.196 |